Why is it important for a post-operative client to deep-breathe and cough?

The importance of deep-breathing and coughing for a post-operative client primarily lies in promoting lung expansion and preventing pneumonia. After surgery, especially when general anesthesia has been used, patients may be at risk of respiratory complications due to shallow breathing, mucus accumulation, and reduced lung expansion. Deep-breathing exercises help to inflate the alveoli (the tiny air sacs in the lungs) fully, which not only enhances oxygenation but also aids in mobilizing secretions that could otherwise lead to infections, such as pneumonia.

Furthermore, coughing effectively assists in clearing mucus from the airways, facilitating better airflow and improving overall respiratory function. These actions are critical components of postoperative care, as they significantly contribute to the prevention of complications that may arise from immobility or decreased lung activity. Thus, encouraging post-operative patients to deep-breathe and cough is a key nursing intervention aimed at maintaining respiratory health and optimizing recovery outcomes.